Two Unpublished Metal Pen Boxes from the Mamluk Period in Egypt "Archaeological and Artistic Study"

The research paper aims to shed light on two unpublished metal 
pen boxes dating back to the Mamluk period in Egypt, it should 
be noted that these metal pen boxes-the subject of the study- have 
never been published before, as they will be studied and 
published through archaeological, artistic and analytic study 
applied to these group of metal artifacts consisting of two pen 
boxes deposited and preserved in the museum store in the 
archaeological area of Maria in Alexandria- Arab Republic of 
Egypt. Metal artifacts were of great importance during the 
Islamic ages in general and through the Mamluk era in particular, 
where the Mamluk era is the proposed dating period for these 
two pen boxes or these collection of metal artifacts - the subject 
of the study -where it was noticed that metal artifacts were 
widely used in the daily life of Muslims, perhaps this is due to its 
light weight, small size, and strength and rigidity at the same 
time. Copper, bronze and gold are also among the most common 
raw materials used in the manufacture of metal artifacts during 
the Mamluk period in Egypt.
This study has been divided into two parts; the first section deals 
with the descriptive study including the main data of the antiques 
and an explanation of the types of decorations included in the 
metal collection. The second section deals with the analytical 
study, which included the study and analysis of each masterpiece 
with other corresponding or similar masterpieces of the same 
type, whether they are preserved inside or outside Egypt, where 
this will be according to the materials of the industry, the general 
shape, the decorative shapes, and the functional purpose.